Antartica

When this word comes into my mind, I think it is interesting if I write about it. So, first and foremost, I want to stated about people who live at that place.

Antarctica people mainly consist of the scientists, researchers and some tourists. Antarctica people are mainly concerned in carrying out various experiments and research works to make this continent a better and safer place to live in. The scientists and the researchers mainly belong to those countries who are the members of the Antarctic Treaty System. Apart from this, Antarctica does not have any indigenous population. People of Antarctica live in special type of houses called Igloo. These houses provide protection from the chilling cold. Every year the United States of America sends 650 people to carry out scientific experiments. Apart from this 2,500 people are also provided for proper maintenance of the research stations. These people in addition offer support and guidelines for conducting these experiments successfully. The support function includes huge number of work force like lab assistants, technicians, helicopter crews, general assistants and few others. In addition to this, the population of Antarctica also comprises of many research teams coming from military personnel, employees of various contractors, universities, industry, and government organization. Maximum work is being done in the summer season, which lasts from October to March by these support officials and the scientists. During the winter, however, this population drops to less than a quarter of the summer time.

That mean people come and go at Antartica.Hmmm...What about they eat then?

Antarctica food web is less complicated than the other food webs of the world. However, the Antarctica food web definitely includes much more numbers of animals as compared to any other ecosystem. This Antarctica food system involves the second largest numbers of mammals in the world namely the crab eating seals. This web includes phytoplankton, krill, herbivorous zooplankton, carnivorous zooplankton, fish, birds, seals, leopard seal, elephant seal, penguin and whales. Another important aspect of food in Antarctica involves that kind of food, which is eaten by those on the polar expeditions. They are provided with a balanced diet, which is dehydrated so that it provides the highest amount of energy, making the body work smoothly. As the entire continent is covered with deep snow, normal vegetation is impossible at the place. At the research stations, some amount of crops is grown under specially created condition. In the Antarctica regions, there is always a shortage of fresh vegetables and these are mostly grown on hydroponic system equipped stations. It is illegal to import soil or other similar materials to the lands of Antarctica since it threatens an outbreak of non-native insects, bacteria or fungi resulting in incurable diseases. This might poorly affect the hydroponic system of Antarctica and result in a closure of the same.

Hmm..very interesting about Antartica.

Look at your PC

The Jacquard loom, on display at the Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester, England, was one of the first programmable devices.

Hey guys...you know what.Who invented the computer?

I got the answer..

The first use of the word "computer" was recorded in 1613, referring to a person who carried out calculations, or computations, and the word continued to be used in that sense until the middle of the 20th century. From the end of the 19th century onwards though, the word began to take on its more familiar meaning, describing a machine that carries out computations.
The history of the modern computer begins with two separate technologies—automated calculation and programmability—but no single device can be identified as the earliest computer, partly because of the inconsistent application of that term. Examples of early mechanical calculating devices include the abacus, the slide rule and arguably the astrolabe and the Antikythera mechanism (which dates from about 150–100 BC). Hero of Alexandria (c. 10–70 AD) built a mechanical theater which performed a play lasting 10 minutes and was operated by a complex system of ropes and drums that might be considered to be a means of deciding which parts of the mechanism performed which actions and when.This is the essence of programmability.

The "castle clock", an astronomical clock invented by Al-Jazari in 1206, is considered to be the earliest programmable analog computer. It displayed the zodiac, the solar and lunar orbits, a crescent moon-shaped pointer travelling across a gateway causing automatic doors to open every hour,and five robotic musicians who played music when struck by levers operated by a camshaft attached to a water wheel. The length of day and night could be re-programmed to compensate for the changing lengths of day and night throughout the year.
The Renaissance saw a re-invigoration of European mathematics and engineering Wilhelm Schickard's 1623 device was the first of a number of mechanical calculators constructed by European engineers, but none fit the modern definition of a computer, because they could not be programmed.

In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard made an improvement to the textile loom by introducing a series of punched paper cards as a template which allowed his loom to weave intricate patterns automatically. The resulting Jacquard loom was an important step in the development of computers because the use of punched cards to define woven patterns can be viewed as an early, albeit limited, form of programmability.

It was the fusion of automatic calculation with programmability that produced the first recognizable computers. In 1837, Charles Babbage was the first to conceptualize and design a fully programmable mechanical computer, his analytical engine.Limited finances and Babbage's inability to resist tinkering with the design meant that the device was never completed.
In the late 1880s, Herman Hollerith invented the recording of data on a machine readable medium. Prior uses of machine readable media, above, had been for control, not data. "After some initial trials with paper tape, he settled on punched cards ..."To process these punched cards he invented the tabulator, and the keypunch machines. These three inventions were the foundation of the modern information processing industry. Large-scale automated data processing of punched cards was performed for the 1890 United States Census by Hollerith's company, which later became the core of IBM. By the end of the 19th century a number of technologies that would later prove useful in the realization of practical computers had begun to appear: the punched card, Boolean algebra, the vacuum tube (thermionic valve) and the teleprinter.

During the first half of the 20th century, many scientific computing needs were met by increasingly sophisticated analog computers, which used a direct mechanical or electrical model of the problem as a basis for computation. However, these were not programmable and generally lacked the versatility and accuracy of modern digital computers.
Alan Turing is widely regarded to be the father of modern computer science. In 1936 Turing provided an influential formalisation of the concept of the algorithm and computation with the Turing machine. Of his role in the modern computer, Time Magazine in naming Turing one of the 100 most influential people of the 20th century, states: "The fact remains that everyone who taps at a keyboard, opening a spreadsheet or a word-processing program, is working on an incarnation of a Turing machine."

The inventor of the program-controlled computer was Konrad Zuse, who built the first working computer in 1941 and later in 1955 the first computer based on magnetic storage.
George Stibitz is internationally recognized as a father of the modern digital computer. While working at Bell Labs in November 1937, Stibitz invented and built a relay-based calculator he dubbed the "Model K" (for "kitchen table", on which he had assembled it), which was the first to use binary circuits to perform an arithmetic operation. Later models added greater sophistication including complex arithmetic and programmability.

Netiquette

Internet also have the etiquette?That is my frist impression when we come to this topic..

So, what out friends.Alert with the netiquette in order to be a good netizen.Here are some point about netiquett.

• Be brief. If you say what you want to say succinctly, it will have greater impact.

• Use descriptive key words in the subject heading. The subject line is there to help people decide whether or not they want to read it.
  

• Be careful with humor and sarcasm. Without the voice inflections and body language of personal communications, it is easy for a remark meant to be funny to be misinterpreted. You can convey the emotions that words alone cannot express by using such online conventions as "smileys" :-)

• Summarize what you are following up. When you are making a follow-up comment to someone else's message, be sure to summarize the parts of the message to which you are responding. Summarization is best done by including appropriate quotes from the original message. Don't include the entire message, since this could be irritating to people who have already read it. e.

How to recycle the eletronic stuff correctly.

PC maker, Hewlett-Packard has an ambitious goal to recycle two billion pounds of e-waste by 2010. Correspondent Sumi Das talks to the company's director of sustainability, Bonnie Nixon, about how they are meeting the challenge by building recycling facilities and stepping up their business practices globally. Das also speaks with Michelle Price, a marketing manager with HP's imaging and printing group. Price demonstrates how HP is re-using materials from old printer cartridges to create new ones through a process called closed-loop recycling.the answer.

E-Waste

First of all, what is e-waste. Electronic waste may be defined as all secondary computers, entertainment device electronics, mobile phones, and other items such as television sets and refrigerators, whether sold, donated, or discarded by their original owners. This definition includes used electronics which are destined for reuse, resale, salvage, recycling, or disposal.

So, for your information, e-waste become worst nowadays.Investigation by an international coalition of environmental organisation reveal that huge quantities of hazardous e-waste are being exported to China, Pakistan, and India where there are processed in operation that are extremely harmful harmful to human health and the environment.

In Malaysia only, about 18,000 tonnes of solid waste are produces daily all over Malaysia.Is Malaysia ready to deal with electronic waste in the future?

According to David W.Woodel in National Geographic Magazine, the effect of e-waste to environment are:

Lead is toxic to the kidneys, accumulating in the body and eventually affecting the nervous and reproductive systems. Children’s mental development can be impaired by low-level exposure to lead.

When burned, PVC produces dioxins, some of the most hazardous carcinogens known.

Brominated flame retardants have been linked to fetal damage and thyroid problems.

Barium produces brain swelling after a short exposure. It may cause weakness in muscles as well as heart, liver, and spleen damage.

Hexavalent chromium damages kidneys, the liver, and DNA. Asthmatic bronchitis has been linked to this substance.

Mercury is known to harm developing fetuses and is passed through the mother’s milk to newborns. In adults it can cause brain and kidney damage.

Beryllium causes acute or chronic beryllium disease, a deadly ailment affecting the lungs.

Cadmium is a carcinogen and long-term exposure leads to kidney and bone damage.

So, we need to get aware with this matters and follow the advice to avoid it.

May I write something out of circle?

Chef Wan

Everybody knows Chef Wan. He is rock star, actor, talk-show host, comedian, lecturer and food ambassador all in one. During the last twenty years he has hosted cooking shows all over the world. He has even published dozens of cookbooks. In spite of all this, he has found time to star on the stage and act in films. He has become a household name in Malaysia and is one of Malaysia’s best-loved icons. Everywhere he goes, he is bound to be recognized. Chef Wan is the culinary expert in Malaysia and is now an international chef. He has cooked for many famous personalities, including the Sultan of Brunei and the former U.S. President, Bill Clinton. Therefore it is not surprising that his many achievements have been noticed and he has received several international awards.

Chef Wan is a household name in Malaysia and a well known personality on Malaysian television. He has been featured in various cooking programmes on television, delighting audiences with his wit and humour while demonstrating his cooking process

1He was the author of several famous best selling cookbooks. He have won numerous book awards. Among them are:-

2.Salon International Du Livre Gourmand 2000 Periguex, France, a Gold Medal for Presentation Of ‘The Royal Dining Etiquette Of The Palace Of Perak’ In The Century In Malaysia
3.Salon International Du Livre Gourmand 2000 – Prix La Mazille Special Prize for his career as Food Ambassador of Malaysia.

4.Salon International Du Livre Gourmand 2003 in Barcelona, Spain for the Best Malay Chef Book in Malaysia (‘Mengelilingi Dunia bersama Chef Wan’ by Times Edition)
As a prolific writer, I also contributes articles for various publications such as:-

5. Flavours, Star Publication (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd

6.Jelita, Berita Publishing Sdn Bhd

7.Malaysia Tatler Food and Restaurant Guide, Communication Management Ltd.

8.Marie Claire Malaysian Edition Guide to Eating in Malaysia/Singapore.

I inspired to be like him..InsyaAllah.

The cyber crime..

Computer crime can broadly be defined as criminal activity involving an information technology infrastructure, including illegal access (unauthorized access), illegal interception (by technical means of non-public transmissions of computer data to, from or within a computer system), data interference (unauthorized damaging, deletion, deterioration, alteration or suppression of computer data), systems interference (interfering with the functioning of a computer system by inputting, transmitting, damaging, deleting, deteriorating, altering or suppressing computer data), misuse of devices, forgery (ID theft), and electronic fraud.
Computer crime issues have become high-profile, particularly those surrounding hacking, copyright infringement through warez, child pornography, and child grooming. There are also problems of privacy when confidential information is lost or intercepted, lawfully or otherwise.

in my personal opinion, this kind of crime always happened nowadays.So, we need to prevent it in order to protect our kids in future.